Clinical InvestigationSugar-sweetened carbonated beverage consumption and coronary artery calcification in asymptomatic men and women
Section snippets
Study population
The Kangbuk Samsung Health Study is a cohort study of Korean men and women who underwent comprehensive annual or biennial health examination at the Kangbuk Samsung Hospital Total Healthcare Centers in Seoul and Suwon, South Korea.14 The population for this cross-sectional analysis included all participants (N = 35,589) who underwent a comprehensive health examination including cardiac CT for CAC scoring between March 2011 and April 2013. Annual or biennial health screening examinations are
Results
A total of 22,210 participants were included in the study; 81% were male, and the median age of participants was 40 years (interquartile range, 35-45). The average sugar-sweetened carbonated beverage consumption was 1.2 drinks per week. In total, 70% of study participants consumed sugar-sweetened carbonated beverages, whereas 5% consumed ≥5 sugar-sweetened carbonated beverages per week. The prevalence of detectable CAC (CAC score >0) was 11.7% (n = 2,604). Compared with participants who
Discussion
In this large sample of Korean men and women apparently free from clinically evident CVD, cancer, or diabetes, participants with the highest sugar-sweetened carbonated beverage intake had a greater prevalence and higher degree of CAC compared with those who did not consume such beverages. This association remained significant after adjusting for potential confounders and was observed in all of the subgroups evaluated. A number of cardiometabolic risk factors, including blood pressure, lipids,
Conflict of interest
None.
Author contributions
Chun and Choi contributed equally as co-first authors of this article. Chang and Ryu had full access to the data and take complete responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis.
Study concept and design: Chun, Choi, Chang, Ryu.
Acquisition of data: Chang, Cho, Kim, Shin, Ryu.
Analysis and interpretation of data: all authors.
Drafting the manuscript: Chun, Choi.
Critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content: all authors.
Statistical
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2022, Nutrition, Metabolism and Cardiovascular DiseasesCitation Excerpt :Our findings are consistent with previous reports on subclinical cardiovascular disease. Chun et al. [25] found that consumption of sugar-sweetened soda was associated with the presence of coronary artery calcium, which is a marker of subclinical atherosclerosis similar to intima-wall thickening used in our study. Similarly, our results are comparable with prospective studies evaluating incident coronary heart disease and stroke [23].
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2021, IJC Heart and VasculatureCitation Excerpt :Anderson et al. [134] presented over longitudinal 10 years of follow-up by fully adjusted model, reported among subjects with no CAC-s at baseline through 5 dietary calcium intake quintiles, highest vs lowest associated with decreased risk of CAC > 0 incidence (RR = 0.73, 95% CI:0.57–0.93) yet calcium supplement use attenuates this significant association (RR = 0.74, CI:0.51–1.07) besides in the same fully adjusted model calcium supplement use associated with 22% increased risk of having CAC > 0 incidence across which for calcium intake of combined quintiles 2-to-5 of calcium supplement use risk of having CAC > 0 remained similar but for lowest quintile calcium intake through supplementation use posed significant risk (RR = 1.41, CI:1.02–1.97); and for participants with CAC > 0 baseline dietary intake of calcium didn‘t increase the risk of CACs progression (Log-transformed CACs changes within inter-scan period). A cross-sectional study by Chun et al. [93] involving 22,210 Korean adult participants on median age of 40 years and comparing consumption of sugar-added (sweetened) beverages versus no or low intake, demonstrated higher intake associated with younger-age, male-gender, current-smoker, physically active, higher probability of college-degree attainment, and higher odds of hypercholesterolemia history and family history of premature ASCVD; and compared to non-drinkers attendants with ≥ 5 sugar-added carbonated beverages per week had significant 1.86 CAC score ratio and 1.27 odds ratio of having non-zero CAC score. Sekikawa et al. [94] studying association of two marine-omega-3 fatty acids (OM3) of Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) with coronary artery calcification (CAC) and CAC Density score (CDS) in cross-sectional design recruiting 1086 male patients aged 40 to 79 from Japanese general population, where OM3 consumption is very high, observed only Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) significantly inversely associated with Coronary Calcium Score (CCS) but not with CDS, however, only serum EPA significantly inversely associated with CDS after model adjustment for age, used CT-device type, CAC score, hypertension, diabetes, LDL, HDL, smoking pack-year, and BMI, along with for CRP, triglycerides, lipid-lowering medication, and histories of CVD and CKD.
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Sohyun Chun and Yuni Choi contributed equally as co-first authors of this paper.