American Heart Journal
Volume 138, Issue 3 , Pages 396-399 , September 1999

Racial differences in the use of invasive cardiac procedures: A continuous quality improvement approach

References 

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  3. Peterson ED, Shaw LK, DeLong ER, Pryer DB, Califf RM, Mark DB. Racial Variation in the use of coronary-revascularization procedures. Are the differences real? Do they matter?. N Engl J Med. 1997;336:480–486
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  6. Gregory PM, Rhoads GG, Wilson AC, O’Dowd KJ, Kostis JB. Impact of availability of hospital-based invasive cardiac services on racial differences in the use of these services. Am Heart J. 1999;138:507–517
  7. Giles WH, Anda RF, Casper ML, Escobedo LG, Taylor HA. Race and sex differences in rates of invasive cardiac procedures in US Hospitals: data from the National Hospital Discharge Survey. Arch Intern Med. 1995;155:318–324
  8. Bernstein SJ, Hilborne LH, Leape LL, Fiske ME, Park RE, Kamberg CJ, et al.  The appropriateness of use of coronary angiography in New York State. JAMA. 1993;269:766–769
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  13. Maynard C, Fisher LD, Passamani ER, Pullum T. Blacks in the Coronary Artery Surgery Study (CASS): race and clinical decision making. Am J Public Heath. 1986;76:1446–1448
  14. Sedlis SP, Fisher VJ, Tice D, Esposito R, Madmon L, Steinberg EH. Racial differences in performance of invasive cardiac procedures in a Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center. J Clin Epidemiol. 1997;50:899–901
  15. Whittle J, Conigliaro J, Good CB, Joswiak M. Do patient preferences contribute to racial differences in cardiovascular procedure use?. J Gen Intern Med. 1997;12:267–273
  16. Schulman KA, Berlin JA, Harless W, Kemer J, Sistrunk S, Gersh BJ, et al.  Effect of race and gender on physician recommendations for cardiac catheterization. N Engl J Med. 1999;340:618–626
  17. Escarce JJ, Epstein KR, Colby DC, Schwartz JC. Health care reform and minorities: why universal insurance won’t equalize access. Leanord Davis Institute of Health Policy Research Quarterly. 1993;3:1–2
  18. Gornick ME, Eggers PW, Reilly TW, Mentnech RM, Fitterman LK, Kucken LE, et al.  Effects of race and income on mortality and use of services among Medicare beneficiaries. N Engl J Med. 1996;335:791–799
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  21. Tofler GH, Stone PH, Muller JE, Willich SN, Davis VG, Poole WK, et al.  Effects of gender and race on prognosis after myocardial infarction: adverse prognosis for women, especially black women. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1987;9:473–482
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☆ From the Clinical Economics Research Unit and the Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center.

☆☆ Dr Sheifer is supported in part by AHCPR RO1 HSO7315.

★ Reprint requests: Kevin A. Schulman, MD, Clinical Economics Research Unit, Georgetown University Medical Center, Suite 440, 2233 Wisconsin Ave, NW, Washington, DC 20007.

★★ Am Heart J 1999;138:396--9.

♢ 0002-8703/99/$8.00 + 0   4/4/95069

PII: S0002-8703(99)70138-9

American Heart Journal
Volume 138, Issue 3 , Pages 396-399 , September 1999

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