American Heart Journal
Volume 147, Issue 6 , Pages 1005-1009 , June 2004

Periodontal disease in patients with acute myocardial infarction: prevalence and contribution to elevated C-reactive protein levels

  • Efthymios N Deliargyris, MD

      Affiliations

    • Cardiology Section, Athens Medical Center, Athens, Greece
    • Centers for Inflammatory Disorders and Oral and Systemic Diseases, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
    • Corresponding Author InformationReprint requests: Efthymios N. Deliargyris, MD, FACC, FSCAI, Cardiology Section—Athens Medical Center, Distomou 5-7, Marousi-Athens 15125, Greece.
    • ,
  • Phoebus N Madianos, DDS, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Centers for Inflammatory Disorders and Oral and Systemic Diseases, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
    • Deptartment of Periodontology, University of North Carolina School of Dentistry, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
    • Department of Periodontology, University of Athens School of Dentistry, Athens, Greece
    • ,
  • Waka Kadoma, DDS

      Affiliations

    • Deptartment of Periodontology, University of North Carolina School of Dentistry, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
    • ,
  • Irene Marron, DDS

      Affiliations

    • Deptartment of Periodontology, University of North Carolina School of Dentistry, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
    • ,
  • Sidney C Smith Jr, MD

      Affiliations

    • Center for Cardiovascular Science and Medicine, University of North Carolina School of Medicine,Chapel Hill, NC, USA
    • ,
  • James D Beck, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Centers for Inflammatory Disorders and Oral and Systemic Diseases, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
    • Department of Dental Ecology, University of North Carolina School of Dentistry, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
    • ,
  • Steven Offenbacher, DDS, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Centers for Inflammatory Disorders and Oral and Systemic Diseases, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
    • Deptartment of Periodontology, University of North Carolina School of Dentistry, Chapel Hill, NC, USA

Received 5 May 2003 ,Accepted 31 December 2003.

References 

  1. Beck JD, Pankow J, Tyroler HA, et al.  Dental infections and atherosclerosis. Am Heart J. 1999;138:S528–533
  2. National Institute of Dental Research. Oral health of United States adults: national findings. Bethesda, Md: US Department of Health and Human Services; NIH Publication No. 87-2868; 1987
  3. Slade GD, Offenbacher S, Beck JD, et al.  Acute-phase inflammatory response to periodontal disease in the US population. J Dent Res. 2000;79:49–57
  4. Noack B, Genco RJ, Trevisan M, et al.  Periodontal infections contribute to elevated systemic C-reactive protein level. J Periodontol. 2001;72:1221–1227
  5. Koenig W, Sund M, Frohlich M, et al.  C-reactive protein, a sensitive marker of inflammation, predicts future risk of coronary heart disease in initially healthy middle-aged men (results from the MONICA study). Circulation. 1999;99:237–242
  6. Ridker PM, Buring JE, Shih J, et al.  Prospective study of C-reactive protein and the risk of future cardiovascular events among apparently healthy women. Circulation. 1998;98:731–733
  7. Haverkate F, Thompson SG, Pyke SD, et al.  Production of C-reactive protein and risk of coronary events in stable and unstable angina (European Concerted Action on Thrombosis and Disabilities Angina Pectoris Study Group). Lancet. 1997;349:462–466
  8. Ferreiros ER, Boissonnet CP, Pizarro R, et al.  Independent prognostic value of elevated C-reactive protein in unstable angina. Circulation. 1999;100:1958–1963
  9. Lindahl B, Toss H, Siegbahn A, et al.  Markers of myocardial damage and inflammation in relation to long-term mortality in unstable coronary artery disease (Fragmin During Instability in Coronary Artery Disease Study group). N Engl J Med. 2000;343:1139–1147
  10. Pasceri V, Willerson JT, Yeh ETH. Direct proinflammatory effect of C-reactive protein on human endothelial cells. Circulation. 2000;102:2165–2168
  11. Fichtlscherer S, Rosenberger G, Walter DH, et al.  Elevated C-reactive protein levels and impaired endothelial vasoreactivity in patients with coronary artery disease. Circulation. 2000;102:1000–1006
  12. Deliargyris EN, Raymond RJ, Theoharides TC, et al.  Sites of interleukin-6 release in patients with acute coronary syndromes and in patients with congestive heart failure. Am J Cardiol. 2000;86:913–918
  13. Cusack MR, Marber MS, Lambiase PD, et al.  Systemic inflammation in unstable angina is the result of myocardial necrosis. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2002;39:1917–1923
  14. Emingil G, Buduneli E, Aliyev A, et al.  Association between periodontal disease and acute myocardial infarction. J Periodontol. 2000;71:1882–1886
  15. DeStefano F, Anda RF, Kahn HS, et al.  Dental disease and risk of coronary heart disease and mortality. BMJ. 1993;306:688–691
  16. Beck J, Garcia R, Heiss G, et al.  Periodontal disease and cardiovascular disease. J Periodontol. 1996;67:1123–1137
  17. Joshipura KJ, Hung HC, Rimm EB, et al.  Periodontal disease, tooth loss, and incidence of ischemic stroke. Stroke. 2003;34:47–52
  18. Wu T, Trevisan M, Genco RJ, et al.  Examination of the relation between periodontal health status and cardiovascular risk factors (serum total and high density lipoprotein cholesterol, C-reactive protein, and plasma fibrinogen). Am J Epidemiol. 2000;151:273–282
  19. Fredriksson MI, Figueredo CMS, Gustafsson A, et al.  Effect of periodontitis and smoking on blood leucocytes and acute-phase proteins. J Periodontol. 1999;70:1355–1360
  20. Ebersole JL, Machen RL, Steffen MJ, et al.  Systemic acute phase reactants, C-reactive protein and haptoglobin, in adult periodontitis. Clin Exp Immunol. 1997;107:347–352
  21. Mattila K, Vesanen M, Valtonen V, et al.  Effect of treating periodontitis on C-reactive protein levels (a pilot study). BMC Infect Dis. 2002;2:30

PII: S0002-8703(04)00013-4

doi: 10.1016/j.ahj.2003.12.022

American Heart Journal
Volume 147, Issue 6 , Pages 1005-1009 , June 2004

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