American Heart Journal
Volume 147, Issue 2 , Pages 246-252 , February 2004

Association of diabetes mellitus and glycemic control strategies with clinical outcomes after acute coronary syndromes

  • Darren K McGuire, MD, MHSc

      Affiliations

    • Donald W. Reynolds Cardiovascular Clinical Research Center at the University of Texas-Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Tex, USA
    • Corresponding Author InformationReprint requests: Darren K. McGuire, MD, UT-Southwestern Cardiology, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd, Dallas, TX 75390-9047, USA.
    • ,
  • L.Kristin Newby, MD

      Affiliations

    • Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC, USA
    • ,
  • Manjushri V Bhapkar, MS

      Affiliations

    • Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC, USA
    • ,
  • David J Moliterno, MD

      Affiliations

    • Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
    • ,
  • Judith S Hochman, MD

      Affiliations

    • New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA
    • ,
  • Werner W Klein, MD

      Affiliations

    • Kardiologische Abteilung, Medizinische Universitaetsklinik, Graz, Austria
    • ,
  • W.Douglas Weaver, MD

      Affiliations

    • Henry Ford Medical Center, Detroit, Mich, USA
    • ,
  • Matthias Pfisterer, MD

      Affiliations

    • University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
    • ,
  • Ramón Corbalán, MD

      Affiliations

    • Universidad Catolica Marcoleta, Santiago, Chile
    • ,
  • Mikael Dellborg, MD

      Affiliations

    • Ostra Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden
    • ,
  • Christopher B Granger, MD

      Affiliations

    • Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC, USA
    • ,
  • Frans Van De Werf, MD

      Affiliations

    • Universitaire Ziekenhuizen Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
    • ,
  • Eric J Topol, MD

      Affiliations

    • Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
    • ,
  • Robert M Califf, MD

      Affiliations

    • Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC, USA
    • ,
  • SYMPHONY and 2nd SYMPHONY Investigators

Received 4 March 2003 ,Accepted 31 July 2003.

References 

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  2. Malmberg K, Yusuf S, Gerstein HC, et al.  Impact of diabetes on long-term prognosis in patients with unstable angina and non-Q-wave myocardial infarction (results of the OASIS (Organization to Assess Strategies for Ischemic Syndromes) Registry). Circulation. 2000;102:1014–1019
  3. Haffner SM, Lehto S, Ronnemaa T, et al.  Mortality from coronary heart disease in subjects with type 2 diabetes and in nondiabetic subjects with and without prior myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med. 1998;339:229–234
  4. McGuire DK, Emanuelsson H, Granger CB, et al.  Influence of diabetes mellitus on clinical outcomes across the spectrum of acute coronary syndromes (findings from the GUSTO-IIb study: GUSTO IIb Investigators). Eur Heart J. 2000;21:1750–1758
  5. Bypass Angioplasty Revascularization Investigation 2: Diabetes (BARI 2D). Available at: http://www.edc.gsph.pitt.edu/bari2d/
  6. SYMPHONY Investigators . Comparison of sibrafiban with aspirin for prevention of cardiovascular events after acute coronary syndromes (a randomised trial: the SYMPHONY Investigators: Sibrafiban versus Aspirin to Yield Maximum Protection from Ischemic Heart Events Post-acute Coronary Syndromes). Lancet. 2000;355:337–345
  7. Second SYMPHONY Investigators . Randomized trial of aspirin, sibrafiban, or both for secondary prevention after acute coronary syndromes. Circulation. 2001;103:1727–1733
  8. Newby LK. Long-term oral platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor antagonism with sibrafiban after acute coronary syndromes (study design of the sibrafiban versus aspirin to yield maximum protection from ischemic heart events post-acute coronary syndromes (SYMPHONY) trial: Symphony Steering Committee). Am Heart J. 1999;138:210–218
  9. Newby LK, Bhapkar MV, White HD, et al. Predictors of 90-day outcome in patients stabilized after acute coronary syndromes. Eur Heart J 2003;24:172–81
  10. Rao SV, Bethel MA, Feinglos MN. Treatment of diabetes mellitus (implications of the use of oral agents). Am Heart J. 1999;138:S334–337
  11. Inzucchi SE. Oral antihyperglycemic therapy for type 2 diabetes (scientific review). JAMA. 2002;287:360–372
  12. Fleming A. FDA approach to the regulation of drugs for diabetes. Am Heart J. 1999;138:S338–345
  13. UK Prospective Diabetes Study (UKPDS) Group . Effect of intensive blood-glucose control with metformin on complications in overweight patients with type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 34). Lancet. 1998;352:854–865
  14. Raji A, Plutzky J. Insulin resistance, diabetes, and atherosclerosis: thiazolidinediones as therapeutic interventions. Curr Cardiol Rep 2002;4:514–21
  15. Cleveland JC, Meldrum DR, Cain BS, et al.  Oral sulfonylurea hypoglycemic agents prevent ischemic preconditioning in human myocardium (two paradoxes revisited). Circulation. 1997;96:29–32
  16. Sobel BE. The potential influence of insulin and plasminogen activator inhibitor type 1 on the formation of vulnerable atherosclerotic plaques associated with type 2 diabetes. Proc Assoc Am Physicians. 1999;111:313–318
  17. Masoudi FA, Wang Y, Inzucchi SE, et al.  Metformin and thiazolidinedione use in Medicare patients with heart failure. JAMA. 2003;290:81–85
  18. Meinert CL, Knatterud GL, Prout TE, et al.  A study of the effects of hypoglycemic agents on vascular complications in patients with adult-onset diabetes, II (mortality results). Diabetes. 1970;19(Suppl):789–830
  19. Abraira C, Colwell J, Nuttall F, et al.  Cardiovascular events and correlates in the Veterans Affairs Diabetes Feasibility Trial (Veterans Affairs Cooperative Study on Glycemic Control and Complications in Type II Diabetes). Arch Intern Med. 1997;157:181–188
  20. Abraira C, Duckworth WC, McCarren M. Seven-year VA cooperative study on glycemic control and complications. Diabetes. 2000;49(Suppl):A1422
  21. Malmberg K, Ryden L, Efendic S, et al.  Randomized trial of insulin-glucose infusion followed by subcutaneous insulin treatment in diabetic patients with acute myocardial infarction (DIGAMI study) (effects on mortality at 1 year). J Am Coll Cardiol. 1995;26:57–65
  22. Fath-Ordoubadi F, Beatt KJ. Glucose-insulin-potassium therapy for treatment of acute myocardial infarction (an overview of randomized placebo-controlled trials). Circulation. 1997;96:1152–1156
  23. Hildebrandt PR, Snorgaard O, Melchior TM, et al.  [Treatment of diabetic patients with ischaemic heart disease]. Ugeskr Laeger. 2000;162:4125–4128
  24. Fisman EZ, Tenenbaum A, Benderly M, et al.  Antihyperglycemic treatment in diabetics with coronary disease (increased metformin-associated mortality over a 5-year follow-up). Cardiology. 1999;91:195–202
  25. Bypass Angioplasty Revascularization Investigation 2: Diabetes (BARI 2D). Available at: http://www.edc.gsph.pitt.edu/bari2d/
  26. Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes (ACCORD). Available at: http://www.niddk.nih.gov/health/diabetes/dateline/fall00/2.htm

☆ The SYMPHONY and 2nd SYMPHONY trials were supported by a grant from F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Ltd, Basel, Switzerland.Guest Editor for this manuscript was W. Douglas Weaver, MD, Henry Ford Heart and Vascular Institute, Detroit, Mich.

PII: S0002-8703(03)00597-0

doi: 10.1016/j.ahj.2003.07.024

American Heart Journal
Volume 147, Issue 2 , Pages 246-252 , February 2004

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