American Heart Journal
Volume 146, Issue 2 , Pages 191-193 , August 2003

Low molecular weight heparins for acute coronary syndrome: tackling the issues head-on

  • Elliott M. Antman, MD

      Affiliations

    • Samuel A. Levine Cardiac Unit, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass, USA
    • Corresponding Author InformationReprint requests: Elliott M. Antman, MD, Director, Samuel A. Levine Cardiac Unit, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, 75 Francis St, Boston, MA, USA 02115.

References 

  1. Antman EM. The search for replacements for unfractionated heparin. Circulation. 2001;103:2310–2314
  2. Telford AM, Wilson C. Trial of heparin versus atenolol in prevention of myocardial infarction in intermediate coronary syndrome. Lancet. 1981;1:1225–1228
  3. Oler A, Whooley MA, Oler J, Grady D, et al.  Adding heparin to aspirin reduces the incidence of myocardial infarction and death in patients with unstable angina (a meta-analysis). JAMA. 1996;276:811–815
  4. Eikelboom JW, Anand SS, Malmberg K, et al.  Unfractionated heparin and low-molecular-weight heparin in acute coronary syndrome without ST elevation (a meta-analysis). Lancet. 2000;355:1936–1942
  5. Braunwald E, Antman EM, Beasley JW, et al.  ACC/AHA guideline update for the management of patients with unstable angina and non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction–2002 (summary article: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Committee on the Management of Patients With Unstable Angina)). Circulation. 2002;106:1893–1900
  6. Antman EM, Cohen M, Radley D, et al.  Assessment of the treatment effect of enoxaparin for unstable angina/non-Q-wave myocardial infarction. TIMI 11B-ESSENCE meta-analysis. Circulation. 1999;100:1602–1608
  7. Michalis LK, Katsouras CS, Papamichael N, et al.  Enoxaparin versus tinzaparin in non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes (the EVET trial). Am Heart J. 2003;146:304
  8. Barrett JS, Hainer JW, Kornhauser DM, et al.  Anticoagulant pharmacodynamics of tinzaparin following 175 iu/kg subcutaneous administration to healthy volunteers. Thromb Res. 2001;101:243–254
  9. The Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) 11A Trial Investigators. Dose-ranging trial of enoxaparin for unstable angina (results of TIMI 11A). J Am Coll Cardiol. 1997;29:1474–1482
  10. Antman EM, McCabe CH, Gurfinkel EP, et al.  Enoxaparin prevents death and cardiac ischemic events in unstable angina/non-Q-wave myocardial infarction (results of the thrombolysis in myocardial infarction (TIMI) 11B trial). Circulation. 1999;100:1593–1601
  11. Antman EM, Cohen M, McCabe C, et al.  Enoxaparin is superior to unfractionated heparin for preventing clinical events at 1-year follow-up of TIMI 11B and ESSENCE. Eur Heart J. 2002;23:308–314
  12. Fragmin and Fast Revascularisation During Instability in Coronary Artery Disease Investigators. Invasive compared with non-invasive treatment in unstable coronary-artery disease (FRISC II prospective randomised multicentre study). Lancet. 1999;354:708–715
  13. Fox KA, Antman EM, Cohen M, et al.  Comparison of enoxaparin versus unfractionated heparin in patients with unstable angina pectoris/non-ST-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction having subsequent percutaneous coronary intervention. Am J Cardiol. 2002;90:477–482
  14. Malhotra S, Karan RS, Bhargava VK, et al.  A meta-analysis of controlled clinical trials comparing low-molecular-weight heparins with unfractionated heparin in unstable angina. Indian Heart J. 2001;53:197–202
  15. The SYNERGY trial: study design and rationale. Am Heart J 2002;143:952–60

PII: S0002-8703(03)00180-7

doi: 10.1016/S0002-8703(03)00180-7

American Heart Journal
Volume 146, Issue 2 , Pages 191-193 , August 2003

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