American Heart Journal
Volume 145, Issue 6 , Pages 943-951 , June 2003

Detection of endothelial dysfunction with brachial artery ultrasound scanning

  • Michael D Faulx, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University and University Hospitals of Cleveland, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
  • ,
  • Andrew T Wright, RVT

      Affiliations

    • Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University and University Hospitals of Cleveland, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
  • ,
  • Brian D Hoit, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University and University Hospitals of Cleveland, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
    • Corresponding Author InformationReprint requests: Brian D Hoit, MD, Department of Medicine, Division of Cardiology, University Hospitals of Cleveland and Case Western Reserve University, MS 5038, 11100 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44106-5038, USA.

References 

  1. Cooke JP. The endothelium (a new target for therapy). Vasc Med. 2000;5:49–53
  2. Celermajer DS, Sorensen KE, Gooch VM, et al.  Non-invasive detection of endothelial dysfunction in children and adults at risk of atherosclerosis. Lancet. 1992;340:1111–1115
  3. Schachinger V, Britten MB, Zeiher AM. Prognostic impact of coronary vasodilator dysfunction on adverse long-term outcome of coronary heart disease. Circulation. 2000;101:1899–1906
  4. O’Driscoll G, Green D, Taylor RR. Simvastatin, an HMG-CoA-coenzyme A reductase inhibitor, improves endothelial function within 1 month. Circulation. 1997;95:1126–1131
  5. Vogel RA. Cholesterol lowering and endothelial function. Am J Med. 1999;107:479–487
  6. Raitakari OT, Celermajer DS. Testing for endothelial function. Ann Med. 2000;32:293–304
  7. Mombouli JV, Vanhoutte PM. Endothelial dysfunction (from physiology to therapy). J Mol Cell Cardiol. 1999;31:61–74
  8. Yang Y, Loscalzo J. Regulation of tissue factor expression in human microvascular endothelial cells by nitric oxide. Circulation. 2000;101:2144–2148
  9. Furchgott RF, Zawadzki JV. The obligatory role of endothelial cells in the relaxation of arterial smooth muscle by acetylcholine. Nature. 1980;288:373–376
  10. Cai H, Harrison DG. Endothelial dysfunction in cardiovascular diseases (the role of oxidant stress). Circ Res. 2000;87:840–844
  11. Pepine CJ. Clinical implications of endothelial dysfunction. Clin Cardiol. 1998;21:795–799 [comments]
  12. Playford DA, Watts GF. Special article (non-invasive measurement of endothelial function). Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 1998;25:640–643
  13. Takase B, Uehata A, Akima T, et al.  Endothelium-dependent flow-mediated vasodilation in coronary and brachial arteries in suspected coronary artery disease. Am J Cardiol. 1998;82:1535–1539
  14. Schroeder S, Enderle MD, Ossen R, et al.  Noninvasive determination of endothelium-mediated vasodilation as a screening test for coronary artery disease (pilot study to assess the predictive value in comparison with angina pectoris, exercise electrocardiography, and myocardial perfusion imaging). Am Heart J. 1999;138:731–739
  15. Suwaidi JA, Hamasaki S, Higano ST, et al.  Long-term follow-up of patients with mild coronary artery disease and endothelial dysfunction. Circulation. 2000;101:948–954
  16. Wang J, Brown MA, Tam SH, et al.  Effects of diet on measurements of nitric oxide metabolites. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol. 1997;24:418–420
  17. Huggins GS, Pasternak RC, Alpert NM, et al.  Effect of short term treatment of hyperlipidemia on coronary vasodilator function and myocardial perfusion in regions having substantial impairment of baseline dilator reserve. Circulation. 1998;98:1291–1296
  18. Honing ML, Smits P, Morrison PJ, et al.  Bradykinin-induced vasodilation of human forearm resistance vessels is primarily mediated by endothelium-dependent hyperpolarization. Hypertension. 2000;35:1314–1318
  19. Anderson TJ. Assessment and treatment of endothelial dysfunction in humans. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1999;34:631–638
  20. Anderson EA, Mark AL. Flow-mediated and reflex changes in large peripheral artery tone in humans. Circulation. 1989;79:93–100
  21. Dimmeler S, Fleming I, Fisslthaler B, et al.  Activation of nitric oxide synthase in endothelial cells by Akt-dependent phosphorylation. Nature. 1999;399:601–605
  22. Berry KL, Skyrme-Jones RA, Meredith IT. Occlusion cuff position is an important determinant of the time course and magnitude of human brachial artery flow-mediated dilation. Clin Sci. 2000;99:261–267
  23. Vogel RA. Measurement of endothelial function by brachial artery flow-mediated vasodilation. Am J Cardiol. 2001;88:31E–34E
  24. Coretti MC, Anderson TJ, Benjamin EJ, et al.  Guidelines for the ultrasound assessment of endothelial-dependent flow-mediated vasodilation of the brachial artery (a report of the International Brachial Artery Reactivity Task Force). J Am Coll Cardiol. 2002;39:257–265
  25. Gokce N, Holbrook M, Hunter LM, et al.  Acute effects of vasoactive drug treatment on brachial artery reactivity. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2002;40:761–765
  26. Anderson TJ, Uehata A, Gerhard MD, et al.  Close relation of endothelial function in the human coronary and peripheral circulations. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1995;26:1235–1241
  27. Celermajer DS, Sorensen KE, Bull C, et al.  Endothelium-dependent dilation in the systemic arteries of asymptomatic subjects relates to coronary risk factors and their interaction. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1994;24:1468–1474
  28. Enderle MD, Schroeder S, Ossen R, et al.  Comparison of peripheral endothelial dysfunction and intimal media thickness in patients with suspected coronary artery disease. Heart. 1998;80:349–354
  29. Kuvin JT, Patel AR, Sliney KA, et al.  Peripheral vascular endothelial function testing as a noninvasive indicator of coronary artery disease. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2001;38:1843–1849
  30. Gokce N, Keaney JF, Hunter LM, et al.  Risk stratification for postoperative cardiovascular events via noninvasive assessment of endothelial function (a prospective study). Circulation. 2002;105:1567–1572
  31. Rajagopalan S, Brook R, Rubenfire M, et al.  Abnormal brachial artery flow-mediated vasodilation in young adults with major depression. Am J Cardiol. 2001;88:196–198
  32. Herrington DM, Fan L, Drum M, et al.  Brachial flow-mediated vasodilator responses in population-based research (methods, reproducibility and effects of age, gender and baseline diameter). J Cardiovasc Risk. 2001;8:319–328
  33. Woodman RJ, Playford DA, Watts GF, et al.  Improved analysis of brachial artery ultrasound using a novel edge-detection software system. J Appl Physiol. 2001;91:929–937
  34. Bressler B, Chan S, Mancini GB. Temporal response of brachial artery dilation after occlusion and nitroglycerin. Am J Cardiol. 2000;85:396–400
  35. van der Heijden-Spek JJ, Staessen JA, Fagard RH, et al.  Effect of age on brachial artery wall properties differs from the aorta and is gender dependent (a population study). Hypertension. 2000;35:637–642
  36. Lieberman EH, Gerhard MD, Uehata A, et al.  Estrogen improves endothelium-dependent, flow-mediated vasodilation in postmenopausal women. Ann Intern Med. 1994;121:936–941
  37. Ringqvist A, Caidahl K, Petersson AS, et al.  Diurnal variation of flow-mediated vasodilation in healthy premenopausal women. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol. 2000;279:H2720–H2725
  38. Etsuda H, Takase B, Uehata A, et al.  Morning attenuation of endothelium-dependent, flow-mediated dilation in healthy young men (possible connection to morning peak of cardiac events?). Clin Cardiol. 1999;22:417–421
  39. Perregaux D, Chaudhuri A, Rao S, et al.  Brachial vascular reactivity in blacks. Hypertension. 2000;36:866–871
  40. Koh KK, Kang MH, Jin DK, et al.  Vascular effects of estrogen in type II diabetic postmenopausal women. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2001;38:1409–1415
  41. Rajagopalan S, Brook R, Mehta RH, et al.  Effect of losartan in aging-related endothelial impairment. Am J Cardiol. 2002;89:562–566
  42. Maxwell AJ, Zapien MP, Pearce GL, et al.  Randomized trial of a medical food for the dietary management of chronic, stable angina. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2002;39:37–45
  43. Duffy SJ, Keaney JF, Holbrook M, et al.  Short- and long-term black tea consumption reverses endothelial dysfunction in patients with coronary artery disease. Circulation. 2001;104:151–156
  44. Frick M, Alber HF, Hugel H, et al.  Short- and long-term changes of flow-mediated vasodilation in patients under statin therapy. Clin Cardiol. 2002;25:291–294
  45. Gokce N, Keaney JF, Frei B, et al.  Long-term ascorbic acid administration reverses endothelial vasomotor dysfunction in patients with coronary artery disease. Circulation. 1999;99:3234–3240
  46. Anderson TJ, Elstein E, Haber H, et al.  Comparative study of ACE-inhibition, angiotensin II antagonism, and calcium channel blockade on flow-mediated vasodilation in patients with coronary artery disease (BANFF study). J Am Coll Cardiol. 2000;35:60–66
  47. Cheetham C, O’Driscoll G, Stanton K, et al.  Losartan, an angiotensin type 1 receptor antagonist, improves conduit vessel endothelial function in type II diabetes. Clin Sci. 2001;100:13–17
  48. Maiorana A, O’Driscoll G, Cheetham C, et al.  The effect of combined aerobic and resistance exercise training on vascular function in type 2 diabetes. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2001;38:860–866
  49. Muiesan ML, Salvetti M, Monteduro C, et al.  Effect of treatment on flow-dependent vasodilation of the brachial artery in essential hypertension. Hypertension. 1999;33:575–580

PII: S0002-8703(03)00097-8

doi: 10.1016/S0002-8703(03)00097-8

American Heart Journal
Volume 145, Issue 6 , Pages 943-951 , June 2003