American Heart Journal
Volume 146, Issue 2 , Pages 189-190 , August 2003

Vegetations in endocarditis: big is bad, but is there more to it?

  • Christopher H. Cabell, MD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, and Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC, USA
    • Corresponding Author InformationReprint requests: Christopher H. Cabell, MD, Box 3850, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
    • ,
  • Vance G. Fowler Jr, MD, MHS

      Affiliations

    • Department of Medicine, Duke University School of Medicine, and Duke Clinical Research Institute, Durham, NC, USA

References 

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  2. Cabell CH, Jollis JG, Peterson GE, et al.  Changing patient characteristics and the effect on mortality in endocarditis. Arch Intern Med. 2002;162:90–94
  3. Steckelberg JM, Murphy JG, Ballard D, et al.  Emboli in infective endocarditis (the prognostic valve of echocardiography). Ann Intern Med. 1991;114:635–640
  4. Cabell CH, Pond KK, Peterson GE, et al.  The risk of stroke and death in patients with aortic and mitral valve endocarditis. Am Heart J. 2001;142:75–80
  5. Di Salvo G, Habib G, Pergola V, et al.  Echocardiography predicts embolic events in infective endocarditis. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2001;37:1069–1076
  6. Tischler MD, Vaitkus PT. The ability of vegetation size on echocardiography to predict clinical complications (a meta-analysis). J Am Soc Echocardiogr. 1997;10:562–568
  7. Mangoni ED, Adinolfi LE, Tripodi MF, et al. Risk factors for “major” embolic events in hospitalized patients with infective endocarditis. Am Heart J 2003;146;311–6
  8. Durack DT, Lukes AS, Bright DK. New criteria for diagnosis of infective endocarditis (utilization of specific echocardiographic findings). Am J Med. 1994;96:200–209
  9. Lindback S, Hellgren U, Julander I, et al.  The value of C-reactive protein as a marker of bacterial infection in patients with septicaemia/endocarditis and influenza. Scand J Infect Dis. 1989;21:543–549
  10. Olaison L, Hogevik H, Alestig K. Fever, C-reactive protein, and other acute-phase reactants during treatment of infective endocarditis. Arch Intern Med. 1997;157:885–892
  11. Lagrand WK, Visser CA, Hermens WT, et al.  C-reactive protein as a cardiovascular risk factor (more than an epiphenomenon?). Circulation. 1999;100:96–102
  12. Korkmaz S, Ileri M, Hisar I, et al.  Increased levels of soluble adhesion molecules, E-selectin and P-selectin, in patients with infective endocarditis and embolic events. Eur Heart J. 2001;22:874–878
  13. Kupferwasser LI, Hafner G, Mohr-Kahaly S, et al.  The presence of infection-related antiphospholipid antibiotics in infective endocarditis determines a major risk factor for embolic events. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1999;33:1365–1371
  14. Kupferwasser LI, Yeaman MR, Shapiro SM, et al.  In vitro susceptibility to thrombin-induced platelet microbicidal protein is associated with reduced disease progression and complication rates in experimental Staphylococcus aureus endocarditis (microbiological, histopathologic, and echocardiographic analyses). Circulation. 2002;105:746–752

☆ Supported by NIH grants HL70861 (C.H.C.) and AI01647 (V.G.F.) and American Heart Association award 0265405U (C.H.C.).

PII: S0002-8703(02)94803-9

doi: 10.1016/S0002-8703(02)94803-9

American Heart Journal
Volume 146, Issue 2 , Pages 189-190 , August 2003

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