American Heart Journal
Volume 145, Issue 6 , Pages 993-998 , June 2003

Differential effects of antihypertensive agents on electrocardiographic voltage: results from the Appropriate Blood Pressure Control in Diabetes (ABCD) trial

  • Edward P Havranek, MD

      Affiliations

    • Division of Cardiology, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Department of Medicine, Denver, Colo, USA
    • Denver Health and Hospitals, Denver, Colo, USA
    • Corresponding Author InformationReprint requests: Edward P. Havranek, MD, Denver Health Medical Center #0960, 777 Bannock St, Denver, CO 80204-4507, USA.
  • ,
  • Anne Esler, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Colorado Prevention Center, Denver, Colo, USA
  • ,
  • Raymond O Estacio, MD

      Affiliations

    • Division of General Internal Medicine, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Department of Medicine, Denver, Colo, USA,
    • Colorado Prevention Center, Denver, Colo, USA
    • Denver Health and Hospitals, Denver, Colo, USA
  • ,
  • Philip S Mehler, MD

      Affiliations

    • Division of General Internal Medicine, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Department of Medicine, Denver, Colo, USA,
    • Colorado Prevention Center, Denver, Colo, USA
    • Denver Health and Hospitals, Denver, Colo, USA
  • ,
  • Robert W Schrier, MD

      Affiliations

    • Division of Renal Diseases and Hypertension, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Department of Medicine, Denver, Colo, USA
    • Colorado Prevention Center, Denver, Colo, USA

Received 9 April 2002 ,Accepted 25 July 2002.

References 

  1. Levy D, Salomon M, D’agostino RB, et al.  Prognostic implications of baseline electrocardiographic features and their serial changes in subjects with left ventricular hypertrophy. Circulation. 1994;90:1786–1793
  2. Dahlof B, Pennert K, Hansson L. Reversal of left ventricular hypertrophy in hypertensive patients (a metaanalaysis of 109 treatment studies). Am J Hypertens. 1992;5:95–110
  3. Schmieder RE, Martus P, Klingbeil A. Reversal of left ventricular hypertrophy in essential hypertension (a meta-analysis of randomized double-blind studies). JAMA. 1996;275:1507–1513
  4. Reichek N, Devereux RB. Left ventricular hypertrophy (relationship of anatomic, echocardiographic and electrocardiographic findings). Circulation. 1981;63:1391–1398
  5. Levy DM, Labib SB, Anderson KM, et al.  Determinants of sensitivity and specificity of electrocardiographic criteria for left ventricular hypertrophy. Circulation. 1990;81:815–820
  6. Sundstrom J, Lind L, Arnlov J, et al.  Echocardiographic and electrocardiographic diagnoses of left ventricular hypertrophy predict mortality independently of each other in a population of elderly men. Circulation. 2001;103:2346–2351
  7. Casale PN, Devereux RB, Alonso DR, et al.  Improved sex-specific criteria of left ventricular hypertrophy for clinical and computer interpretation of electrocardiograms (validation with autopsy findings). Circulation. 1987;75:565–572
  8. Norman JE, Levy D, Campbell G, et al.  Improved detection of echocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy using a new electrocardiographic algorithm. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1993;21:1680–1686
  9. Okin PM, Roman MJ, Devereux RB, et al.  Electrocardiographic identification of left ventricular hypertrophy (test performance in relation to hypertrophy and presence of obesity). J Am Coll Cardiol. 1996;27:124–131
  10. Schrier RW, Estacio RO, Jeffers B. Appropriate Blood Pressure Control in NIDDM (ABCD) trial. Diabetologia. 1996;39:1646–1654
  11. Estacio RO, Jeffers BW, Hiatt WR, et al.  The effect of nisoldipine as compared with enalapril on cardiovascular outcomes in patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes and hypertension. New Engl J Med. 1998;338:645–652
  12. Estacio RO, Jeffers BW, Gifford N, et al.  Effect of blood pressure control on diabetic microvascular complications in patients with hypertension and type 2 diabetes. Diabetes Care. 2000;23(Suppl 2):B54–B64
  13. Norman JE, Levy D. Improved electrocardiographic detection of echocardiographic left ventricular hypertrophy (results of a correlated data base approach). J Am Coll Cardiol. 1995;26:1022–1029
  14. The Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation Study Investigators . Effects of ramipril on cardiovascular and microvascular outcomes in people with diabetes mellitus (results of the HOPE study and MICRO-HOPE substudy). Lancet. 2000;355:253–259
  15. The Heart Outcomes Prevention Evaluation Study Investigators . Effects of an angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitor, ramipril, on cardiovascular events in high-risk patients. N Engl J Med. 2000;342:145–153
  16. Gottdiener JS, Reda DJ, Massie BM, et al.  Effect of single-drug therapy on reduction of left ventricular mass in mild to moderate hypertension (comparison of six antihypertensive agents). Circulation. 1997;95:2007–2014
  17. Mathew J, Sleight P, Lonn E, et al.  Reduction of cardiovascular risk by regression of electrocardiographic markers of left ventricular hypertrophy by the angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor ramipril. Circulation. 2001;104:1615–1621
  18. Dahlof B, Devereux R, Kjeldsen S, et al.  Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in the Losartan Intervention For Endpoint reduction in hypertension study (LIFE) (a randomised trial against atenolol). Lancet. 2002;359:995–1003
  19. Lindholm LH, Ibsen H, Dahlof B, et al.  Cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in patients with diabetes in the Losartan Intervention For Endpoint reduction in hypertension (LIFE) (a randomised trial against atenolol). Lancet. 2002;359:1004–1010
  20. Herings RMC, de Boer A, Stricker BHCh, et al.  Hypoglycemia associated with use of inhibitors of angiotensin converting enzyme. Lancet. 1995;345:1195–1198
  21. Felicio JS, Ferreira SRG, Plavnik FL, et al.  Effect of blood glucose on left ventricular mass in patients with hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Am J Hypertens. 2000;13:1149–1154
  22. Kuperstein R, Sasson Z. Effects of antihypertensive therapy on glucose and insulin metabolism and on left ventricular mass (a randomized, double-blind, controlled study of 21 obese hypertensives). Circulation. 2000;102:1802–1806
  23. Mancini GB, Henry GC, Macaya C, et al.  Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibition with quinapril improves endothelial dysfunction in patients with coronary artery disease. The TREND (TRial on ENdothelial Dysfunction) Study. Circulation. 1996;94:258–265

 Supported by the Bayer Pharmaceutical Company and the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (DK50298-02).

PII: S0002-8703(02)94780-0

doi: 10.1016/S0002-8703(02)94780-0

American Heart Journal
Volume 145, Issue 6 , Pages 993-998 , June 2003