American Heart Journal
Volume 141, Issue 6 , Pages 915-924 , June 2001

Prediction of the extent and severity of left ventricular dysfunction in anterior acute myocardial infarction by the admission electrocardiogram

Received 3 November 2000 ,Accepted 16 February 2001.

References 

  1. Arnold AER, Simoons ML. “Expected infarct size without thrombolysis,” a concept that predicts immediate and long-term benefit from thrombolysis for evolving myocardial infarction. Eur Heart J. 1997;18:1736–1748
  2. Birnbaum Y, Wagner GS. The initial electrocardiographic pattern in acute myocardial infarction: correlation with infarct size. J Electrocardiol. 1999;32:122–128
  3. Wagdy HM, Christian TF. Determinants of infarct size in acute myocardial infarction in patients treated with reperfusion therapy. Curr Opin Cardiol. 1996;11:369–377
  4. Christian TF, Schwartz RS, Gibbons RJ. Determinants of infarct size in reperfusion therapy for acute myocardial infarction. Circulation. 1992;86:81–90
  5. Christian T, Gibbons R, Clements I, et al.  Estimates of myocardium at risk and collateral flow in acute myocardial infarction using electrocardiographic indexes with comparison to radionuclide and angiographic measures. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1995;26:388–393
  6. Clements I, Kaufmann P, Bailey K, et al.  Electrocardiographic prediction of myocardial area at risk. Mayo Clin Proc. 1991;66:985–990
  7. Clemmensen P, Grande P, Aldrich H, et al.  Evaluation of formulas for estimating the final size of acute myocardial infarcts from quantitative ST-segment elevation on the initial standard 12-lead ECG. J Electrocardiol. 1991;24:77–83
  8. Aldrich H, Wagner N, Boswick J, et al.  Use of initial ST-segment deviation for prediction of final electrocardiographic size of acute myocardial infarcts. Am J Cardiol. 1988;61:749–753
  9. Willems JL, Willems RJ, Willems GM, et al.  Significance of initial ST segment elevation and depression for the management of thrombolytic therapy in acute myocardial infarction. Circulation. 1990;82:1147–1158
  10. Birnbaum Y, Maynard C, Wolfe S, et al.  Terminal QRS distortion on admission is better than ST-segment measurements in predicting final infarct size and assessing the potential effect of thrombolytic therapy in anterior wall acute myocardial infarction. Am J Cardiol. 1999;84:530–534
  11. Hasche ET, Fernandes C, Freedman SB, et al.  Relation between ischemia time, infarct size, and left ventricular function in humans. Circulation. 1995;92:710–719
  12. Juergens CP, Fernandes C, Hasche ET, et al.  Electrocardiographic measurement of infarct size after thrombolytic therapy. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1996;27:617–624
  13. Hindman NB, Schocken DD, Widmann M, et al.  Evaluation of a QRS scoring system for estimating myocardial infarct size, V: specificity and method of application of the complete system. Am J Cardiol. 1985;55:1485–1490
  14. Ideker RE, Wagner GS, Ruth WK, et al.  Evaluation of a QRS scoring system for estimating myocardial infarct size, II: correlation with quantitative anatomic findings for anterior infarcts. Am J Cardiol. 1982;49:1604–1614
  15. Birnbaum Y, Sclarovsky S, Blum A, et al.  Prognostic significance of the initial electrocardiographic pattern in a first acute anterior wall myocardial infarction. Chest. 1993;103:1681–1687
  16. Birnbaum Y, Kloner R, Sclarovsky S, et al.  Distortion of the terminal portion of the QRS on the admission electrocardiogram in acute myocardial infarction and correlation with infarct size and long term prognosis (Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction 4 Trial). Am J Cardiol. 1996;78:396–403
  17. Birnbaum Y, Hale SL, Kloner RA. Progressive decrease in the ST segment elevation during ischemic preconditioning: is it related to recruitment of collateral vessels?. J Mol Cell Cardiol. 1996;28:1493–1499
  18. Birnbaum Y, Sclarovsky S. “Tombstoning” of ST segment in acute myocardial infarction [letter]. Lancet. 1993;342:1494
  19. Birnbaum Y, Herz I, Sclarovsky S, et al.  Prognostic significance of the admission electrocardiogram in acute myocardial infarction. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1996;27:1128–1132
  20. Hasdai D, Porter A, Birnbaum Y, et al.  Predicting postinfarction left ventricular dysfunction based on the configuration of the QRS complex and ST segment in the initial ECG of patients with a first anterior wall myocardial infarction. Cardiology. 1996;87:125–128
  21. Birnbaum Y, Herz I, Sclarovsky S, et al.  Admission clinical and electrocardiographic characteristics predicting an increased risk for early reinfarction after thrombolytic therapy. Am Heart J. 1998;135:805–812
  22. Mager A, Sclarovsky S, Herz I, et al.  QRS complex distortion predicts no reflow after emergency angioplasty in patients with anterior wall acute myocardial infarction. Coron Artery Dis. 1998;9:199–205
  23. GUSTO Angiographic Investigators . The effects of tissue plasminogen activator, streptokinase, or both on coronary-artery patency, ventricular function, and survival after acute myocardial infarction. N Engl J Med. 1993;329:1615–1622
  24. GUSTO Investigators . An international randomized trial comparing four thrombolytic strategies for acute myocardial infarction. N Eng J Med. 1993;329:673–682
  25. Sagie A, Sclarovsky S, Strasberg B, et al.  Acute anterior wall myocardial infarction presenting with positive T waves and without ST segment shift: electrocardiographic features and angiographic correlation. Chest. 1989;95:1211–1215
  26. Reimer KA, Jennings RB. The “wavefront phenomenon” of myocardial ischemic cell death, II: transmural progression of necrosis within the framework of ischemic bed size (myocardium at risk) and collateral flow. Lab Invest. 1979;40:633–644
  27. Kloner RA, Yellon D. Does ischemic preconditioning occur in patients?. J Am Coll Cardiol. 1994;24:1133–1142

☆ Reprint requests: Yochai Birnbaum, MD, Cardiac Intensive Care Unit, Division of Cardiology, Rabin Medical Center, Campus Beilinson, Petah-Tiqva, Israel. E-mail: birnbaum@post.tau.ac.il

☆☆ Guest Editor for this manuscript was Gary S. Francis, MD, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio.

★ The GUSTO-I study was funded by Bayer Corporation, New York, NY; CIBA-Corning, Inc, Medfield, Mass; Genentech, Inc, South San Francisco, Calif; ICI Pharmaceuticals, Inc, Wilmington, Del; and Sanofi Pharmaceuticals, Paris, France.

PII: S0002-8703(01)00847-X

doi: 10.1067/mhj.2001.115300

American Heart Journal
Volume 141, Issue 6 , Pages 915-924 , June 2001

Article Tools

* Image Usage & Resolution